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Multiple choice
Consider the Bell state Φ+=(1/2)(00+11)|\Phi^+\rangle = (1/\sqrt{2})(|00\rangle + |11\rangle) of system S and environment E. Trace out E to get the reduced density matrix ρS\rho_S, then compute the purity P=Tr(ρS2)P = \mathrm{Tr}(\rho_S^2). What is PP?