|q⟩ Bad Qubits

beginner · Programming · Controlled Gates: CNOT, CZ, SWAP

The CNOT Gate

The controlled-NOT (CNOT, or CX) is the workhorse two-qubit gate. It flips a target qubit if and only if the control qubit is ∣1⟩|1\rangle:

| input | output | | --- | --- | | ∣00⟩\lvert 00\rangle | ∣00⟩\lvert 00\rangle | | ∣01⟩\lvert 01\rangle | ∣01⟩\lvert 01\rangle | | ∣10⟩\lvert 10\rangle | ∣11⟩\lvert 11\rangle | | ∣11⟩\lvert 11\rangle | ∣10⟩\lvert 10\rangle |

(Here the left bit is qubit 0, the control.) On a superposed control, CNOT does something with no classical analogue: it correlates the two qubits, which is the seed of entanglement — the subject of the next module.

Try it

Put the control in ∣1⟩|1\rangle and use CNOT to flip the target, reaching ∣11⟩|11\rangle.

Run your code to see the quantum state.

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